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Carp, a freshwater fish species that is native to Europe and Asia, is considered a game fish in some parts of the world, but viewed as a pest in others. The attitudes towards carp vary depending on the region, with some countries embracing it as a sport fish and others banning it entirely.
Europe
In Europe, carp is considered a highly prized coarse fish that is difficult to hook. Anglers eagerly seek them out, even when not fished for food. The United Kingdom has a thriving carp angling market, with commercial fisheries making carp fishing more accessible. TV programs such as Monster Carp have raised awareness of the sport, making it the fastest-growing angling market in the UK.
United States
In the United States, the carp is classified as a rough fish as well as a damaging naturalized exotic species. However, some states' departments of natural resources are beginning to view the carp as an angling fish instead of a maligned pest. Groups such as the Carp Anglers Group and American Carp Society promote the sport and work with fisheries departments to organize events to introduce and expose others to the unique opportunity the carp offers freshwater anglers.
Canada
In Canada, carp are gaining popularity as a worthy sport fish, especially in the provinces of British Columbia and Ontario. Fly fishers sometimes refer to carp as 'The Golden Ghost' or as freshwater 'Bonefish', due to the difficulty anglers have in getting them to take a well-presented fly. In fact, it is said that catching a carp on a fly is considered a rite of passage for fly anglers in Canada.
New Zealand
In New Zealand, koi carp are regarded as noxious fish and while recreational fishing is permitted in some areas, koi must be killed when caught.
Indonesia
In Indonesia, carp is a popular food fish, usually fried and called "pepes". Carp fishing is also a game in Indonesia, with large grass carp being the prize catch. The bait used for carp fishing is "cendol" which is made from "sagu" flour with a food attractant.
Australia
In Australia, carp are universally viewed as pests. In South Australia, it is illegal to release them if caught. The government has implemented various control measures to reduce the carp population, such as releasing a herpes virus that specifically targets carp, and encouraging anglers to catch and kill them.
Central Europe
In Central Europe, there is a strong connection between Christmas and carp fishing. Traditionally, in countries such as Germany, Poland, Czech Republic, and Slovakia, the man of the house would go fishing for the carp or buy it at the fish market. The fish would be brought home alive and kept overnight in the bath. On Christmas night, the carp would be killed and freshly served fried or steamed. Leftovers of the fish would be used to make a traditional fish soup.
As seen, attitudes towards carp vary around the world, with some countries embracing the fish as a game species, while others view it as a pest. It is important to understand the ecological and economic impacts of non-native species and make informed decisions about their management.